Benzodiazepine Deprescribing

Group Therapy Session With Counselor And Participants
What deprescribing means

A gradual, planned way off of a benzodiazepine

Benzodiazepine deprescribing is the planned, gradual reduction of a benzodiazepine under a physician’s supervision. It is the exit plan that should have come with the prescription. Many people who come to Dr. Mark Leeds’ practice were prescribed a benzodiazepine or a z-drug for anxiety, insomnia, or seizures, took it as directed for years, and found that stopping was far harder than starting. Physical dependence is not addiction. It is a medical condition caused by the prescription, and it calls for a gradual taper adapted to the person. Dr. Leeds also tapers the z-drugs zolpidem (Ambien), eszopiclone (Lunesta), and zopiclone, which act on the same receptors. Commonly prescribed benzodiazepines
  • alprazolam (Xanax, Xanax XR)
  • chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
  • clobazam (Onfi)
  • clonazepam (Klonopin)
  • clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene)
  • diazepam (Valium)
  • lorazepam (Ativan)
  • temazepam (Restoril)
  • triazolam (Halcion)
Risks of long-term use

What long-term use can do

Tolerance

With regular use, the same dose gradually does less than it once did, and symptoms can return between doses, known as interdose withdrawal.

Physical dependence

Within weeks of regular use the nervous system adapts to the medication, and stopping suddenly brings on withdrawal. That is an expected result of continued use, not a personal failing.

Withdrawal reactions

In 2020 the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) added physical dependence and withdrawal reactions to the boxed warning on every benzodiazepine, even at prescribed doses.

Memory, coordination, and falls

Long-term use can affect memory, concentration, and coordination and raise the risk of falls, especially in older adults.

The taper

How Dr. Leeds plans a taper

Dr. Leeds follows the Ashton Manual and the Maudsley Deprescribing Guidelines. Both teach the same lesson: come down slowly, in steps that shrink as the dose falls, and let the patient’s symptoms set the speed. When symptoms flare, the answer is a hold, not a lecture. More on how he adapts each taper and on medically supervised benzodiazepine tapering.

Assessment

The first visit covers the medication, the dose, how long it has been taken, and the patient's goals.


1

A plan the patient shapes

Some patients cross over to diazepam, a longer-acting benzodiazepine, where it helps; others stay on their own medication. Liquid formulations allow small, precise reductions.

2

Smaller steps as the dose falls

Each reduction is smaller than the last, with holds when symptoms flare. Follow-up continues through the taper and, where needed, through protracted withdrawal.

3

The practice

One physician, by telemedicine across Florida

Dr. Leeds is an osteopathic physician and deprescribing specialist in Fort Lauderdale who serves on the medical advisory board of the Benzodiazepine Information Coalition. He also helps patients taper other prescribed medications that cause dependence.

His practice is concierge rather than insurance based. He sees patients by telemedicine throughout Florida, Monday to Friday, 10 AM to 2 PM.

Many people arrive after searching for benzo detox. What Dr. Leeds offers is a gradual, medically supervised taper over months, with no facility stay and no fixed timeline.

The patient sets the pace

Nobody is pushed faster than their nervous system allows, and a taper that is going well may move a little faster, as tolerated.

Informed consent comes first

Risks first, then alternatives, an exit plan from the start, and the patient's right to decline at any point.

Ready to talk about a taper?

The first step is the contact form. A telemedicine consultation follows for patients in Florida, and the taper plan takes shape from there.

Most Popular Questions

Frequently Asked Questions About Benzodiazepines

Short answers to the questions patients ask most often.

Benzodiazepines are a group of medications prescribed for anxiety, insomnia, muscle spasms, and seizures. They work by increasing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that calms the nervous system.

Benzodiazepines enhance the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. By boosting GABA’s calming effect, these medications help reduce anxiety, promote sleep, and relax muscles.

Common benzodiazepines include Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Clonazepam (Klonopin), and Alprazolam (Xanax). Each has different durations of action and is used for specific conditions.

Side effects of benzodiazepines may include drowsiness, dizziness, impaired coordination, and memory problems. Long-term use can also lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms.